Officials sometimes engaged in corrupt practices with impunity. Cameroon is currently the United States’ 128th largest goods trading partner with U.S. goods exports to Cameroon totaling $200 million and goods imports from Cameroon totaling $330 million in 2019. The United States established diplomatic relations with Cameroon in 1960, following the independence of the French-administered part of the country. Security Alert - U.S. Embassy Yaounde (September 10, 2021) Message to U.S. Citizens: U.S. Embassy Yaounde (May 25, 2021) Journalists and media outlets reported practicing self-censorship, especially if the National Communication Council had suspended them previously. Education: The law provides for tuition-free compulsory primary education up to the age of 12. Cameroon is currently the United States' 124th largest goods trading partner. The two-year struggle, in . Taken together, these three states settled 20,738 refugees in 2016 alone. Found inside â Page 266Other U.S. interests in Cameroon include economic prosperity and global issues . ... in enforcing international covenants on refugees and war criminals . Coordinator for the Arctic Region, Deputy Secretary of State for Management and Resources, Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization, Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security, Bureau of Arms Control, Verification and Compliance, Bureau of International Security and Nonproliferation, Under Secretary for Civilian Security, Democracy, and Human Rights, Bureau of Conflict and Stabilization Operations, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs, Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration, Office of International Religious Freedom, Office of the Special Envoy To Monitor and Combat Anti-Semitism, Office of the U.S. Special Coordinator for Tibetan Issues, Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons, Under Secretary for Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment, Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs, Office of the Science and Technology Adviser, Bureau of the Comptroller and Global Financial Services, Bureau of Information Resource Management, Office of Management Strategy and Solutions, Bureau of International Organization Affairs, Bureau of South and Central Asian Affairs, Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs, U.S. They held noncombatants as hostages, including public officials, political leaders, teachers, schoolchildren, and traditional leaders. Before these killings, the military raided a church on the outskirts of Mautu and shot the church’s pastor. Some credible organizations reported that physical abuse by persons associated with the government was less prevalent in prisons than in gendarmerie and police detention cells, where some officers often used harsh interrogation techniques. He characterized Njoka as the coordinator of the Bui Warriors, an armed separatist group based in Bui, Northwest Region. As in the previous year, the Special Criminal Court opened new corruption cases and issued verdicts on some pending cases. The law provides criminal penalties for corruption by officials, but the government did not implement the law effectively. On May 6, the High Court of Mbam and Inoubou in the Center Region sentenced the head of local police to a three-year suspended prison sentence for mistreatment of 16-year-old Ibrahim Bello in 2017 that resulted in his losing both legs and his left hand; a colleague received a four-year prison sentence. Few of the reports of trials involved those in command. Wazizi was detained on August 2, 2019, and pronounced dead on June 5. Refoulement: Unlike in 2019, there were no reported cases of forced returns. While the NCHRF coordinated actions with NGOs and participated in some inquiry commissions, it remained poorly funded and ceased some of its traditional activities, including conducting prison and detention sites visits. In a letter dated August 17, a group of eight persons writing on behalf of the Fulani-Mbororo community and associated with the CPDM, denounced what they described as the demeaning stigmatization of the Fulani-Mbororo as an indigenous and minority people in the country. Once they arrive in the United States, refugees most often settle in California, Texas, and New York. Syntic asked Nexttel to launch a tripartite dialogue, but Nexttel’s management had not yet answered the notice. U.S. security assistance strengthens Cameroon’s ability to contain Boko Haram and ISIS-West Africa. The Convention also sets out which people do not qualify as refugees . Through several State Department and USAID funds, the Embassy provides funds for biodiversity protection, refugees, democratization, human rights, countering violent extremism, and education. Of the remaining three soldiers, Soldier First Class Ghislain Landry Ntieche Fewou was found guilty of breach of regulations and sentenced to two years in prison. At left, refugees check for their place in line on a list of asylum seekers. /Height 155 On May 15, according to reports by multiple organizations, including the National Association of English-speaking Journalists, security forces arrested freelance journalist Kingsley Fomunyoy Njoka. Reports suggested the government’s DDR centers were inadequately resourced, and many of the returnees left them. Freedom of Movement: The government often cited security concerns and suspected criminal activity to restrict the movement of refugees and asylum seekers. History of U.S. Relations With Cameroon National Security: Authorities often cited laws against terrorism or protecting national security to threaten critics of the government. The MRC reported that security forces seriously wounded one individual at the residence of its leader, Maurice Kamto, during the night of September 21. In many prisons, toilets were only common pits. /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB When Human Rights Watch released its February 25 report, Civilians Massacred in Separatist Area, Minister of Communication Rene Emmanuel Sadi accused it and other organizations of being tirelessly determined to undermine the image of the country and the stability of its institutions. Some infrastructure projects were made accessible to persons with mobility issues. Many of the arrests occurred in Bafoussam on May 17 when police arrested–and later released–53 LGBTI individuals celebrating the International Day against Homophobia, Transphobia, and Biphobia at a time when COVID-19-related restrictions prohibited large gatherings. At right, Luis says he has spent about $8,000 traveling through 10 countries since fleeing his home in Cameroon in October. According to Cameroon People’s Party (CPP) president Edith Kah Walla, on September 19, members of security forces abducted at least five members of the NGO consortium Stand Up for Cameroon. Many Cameroonians believed that the timing of the abductions and social media statements by separatist leaders suggested the abductions were in retaliation against leaders who participated in the December 6 regional elections. maritime security in the Gulf of Guinea, contributes to regional stability, strengthens military justice, and protects human rights. Authorities reported that the sick were held separately from the general prison population, but this was often not the case. This rendered secondary education unaffordable for many children. Many LGBTI organizations found that operating health programs, particularly HIV programs, shielded them from potential harassment or shutdown rather than promoting advocacy for LGBTI persons as their primary mission. in Cameroon, UNHCR anticipates that the influx into Southeast Nigeria will continue, with 20,000 refugees projected to flee in the coming months. Some 500 refugees reportedly signed up in the first phase of the program. This period may, with the written approval of the state counsel, be exceptionally extended twice before charges are brought. Violence and Harassment: Police, gendarmes, and other government agents arrested, detained, physically attacked, and intimidated journalists. While technically free to leave, many Kirdi remained in the hierarchical and authoritarian system because of a lack of viable alternative options. Although the law provides for freedom of peaceful assembly, the government often restricted this right. In an online article, a human rights activist with the pseudonym John Enama reported that on July 28 the Court of First Instance of Bafang in the West Region imposed fines on four men who were arrested due to what was described as their LGBTI conduct on June 9 in Kekem. The facility is expected to help address prison overcrowding and improve the living environment of inmates at the Douala-New Bell central prison. Data collected through the UNITY platform, a group of 34 local organizations dedicated to the LGBTI population, indicated an increase in arbitrary arrests of LGBTI individuals in the first half of the year. The government, however, denied Ayuk Tabe’s announcement, and other separatists opposed the talks. He was transferred to a military-run facility in Buea on August 7, 2019, and never appeared in court, despite several scheduled hearings. The Cultural Section's mission is to provide useful information to Cameroonian students in the United States, promote cultural cooperation between Cameroonian and United States universities, and provide advise to American students who want to study in Cameroon and to Cameroonians who want to study in the United States of America. He died a few days later on August 5. This resulted in associations operating in legal uncertainty with their activities tolerated but not formally approved. This refugee admissions ceiling incorporates more than 6,000 unused places from the FY 2020 refugee admissions ceiling that might have been used if not for the COVID-19 pandemic. Consequently, malnutrition, tuberculosis, bronchitis, malaria, hepatitis, scabies, and numerous other treatable conditions, including infections, were rampant. Exercise increased caution in Cameroon due to crime.. Read Department of State's COVID-19 page before you plan any international travel. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has provided assistance to Cameroon since 1989 and works in coordination with the U.S. Agency for International Development to support the Cameroonian government’s efforts to combat HIV, malaria, and other public health threats. In practice, women did not enjoy the same rights and privileges as men. . Found insideUS Department of State. Field evaluation of local integration of Central African refugees in Cameroon: Evaluating the effectiveness of humanitarian ... U.S. relations with Cameroon are positive, although they have been. Children continued to suffer corporal punishment, both within families and at school. Prison conditions were harsh and life threatening due to food shortages and poor-quality food, gross overcrowding, physical abuse, and inadequate sanitary conditions and medical care. The government meted out some sanctions to convicted low-level offenders, and other investigations were ongoing as of year’s end. Freedom of Speech: Government officials penalized individuals or organizations that criticized or expressed views at odds with government policy. After 50 plus years, the United States has caused more harm than good in Afghanistan. The constitution and law provide for collective bargaining between workers and management as well as between labor federations and business associations in each sector of the economy. Numbers. The Douala City mayor, who replaced the government delegate, however, found a compromise solution after more than 30 months of litigation between Douala City Council workers and the government. L’Oeil du Sahel reported that on June 25 in Goudoumboul, Boko Haram insurgents killed 18-year-old Almada Ali. Prohibition of Forced or Compulsory Labor, c. Prohibition of Child Labor and Minimum Age for Employment, d. Discrimination with Respect to Employment and Occupation. The United States has a long tradition of offering refuge to those fleeing persecution and war. The constitution and law provide for the freedom of association, but the law also limits this right. To better protect women, including widows, the government included provisions in the law outlawing the eviction of a spouse from the marital home by any person other than the other spouse. The law permits a police officer to enter a private home during daylight hours without a warrant only if pursuing a person suspected of or seen committing a crime. While some investigations and prosecutions were conducted and a few sanctions meted out, especially in high-profile cases, security force impunity remained a concern. FGM/C remained a problem, but its prevalence was low. As of mid-December, there were no developments reported on the investigation. Boko Haram continued to use child soldiers, including girls, in its attacks on civilian and military targets. The U.S. government provides health assistance to Cameroon through the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, the Global Health Security Agenda, the President’s Malaria Initiative and other global health programs, and works across five U.S. government agencies to support Cameroon’s national HIV and TB programs. Refugees are men, women and children . Overall prison visits were limited in compliance with COVID-19-related restrictions. Human Rights Watch reported that on May 30, separatists kidnapped and tortured a humanitarian worker in Bali, Northwest Region, accusing him of collaborating with security forces. It also outlines tasks children younger than 18 cannot legally perform, including moving heavy objects, undertaking dangerous and unhealthy tasks, working in confined areas, and prostitution. Sep 17 2021 TOPICS Refugee Stories united states TOPICS > Birth Registration: Children derive citizenship through their parents, but not through birth in the country’s territory; the responsibility to register a child’s birth falls upon parents. On May 6, Horace Ngomo Manga, the vice chancellor of the University of Buea, terminated the contract of Felix Nkongho Agbor Balla, an instructor in the Department of English Law. Found inside â Page 2005The United States deployed naval units in March 2016 to train Cameroonian coast ... as violating international laws on the safety of political refugees. According to media reports, security forces on June 27 conducted raids in the mostly Anglophone neighborhoods of Obili and Melen in Yaounde, following the detonation of two improvised explosive devices in the city. Free industrial zones are subject to some labor laws, but there are several exceptions. Freedom of Association and the Right to Collective Bargaining, b. Other ethnic groups often treated the Baka as inferior and sometimes subjected them to unfair and exploitative labor practices. Despite the law, according to UNICEF’s 2018 child marriage data, 31 percent of women between the ages of 20 and 24 were married before they turned 18 and, of these, 10 percent were married before they turned 15. See where they came from and where in the U.S. they resettled below. Many of those detained told media they had been harassed, humiliated, and abused in the process. In addition, in response to the announcement of the Presidential Plan for the Reconstruction and Development of the Northwest and Southwest Regions on July 5, separatists launched attacks on July 6 in villages across the Anglophone regions, destroying public buildings in Lebialem and Manyu in the Southwest Region as well as in Bui, Donga and Mantung, and Ngoketunjia in the Northwest Region. �� � w !1AQaq"2�B���� #3R�br� In some high-profile cases, preliminary investigations are entrusted to a mixed commission of inquiry, including civilian members with relevant professional backgrounds. /Creator (�� w k h t m l t o p d f 0 . Although aid groups can make changes to improve the effectiveness of their response . As of September, the Cameroonian government had not yet provided the accountability measures taken for all 34 open cases. Advisory Commission on Public Diplomacy. Libel, slander, defamation, and blasphemy are treated as criminal offenses. As in the previous year, children were reportedly subjected to FGM/C in isolated areas of the Far North, East, and Southwest Regions and among the Choa and Ejagham ethnic groups. Here are answers to some key questions about where Afghans go, the help they receive, and how people can help refugees if they want to. (tel. Many members of the Kirdi–a predominately Christian and animist ethnic group enslaved by the Muslim Fulani in the 1800s–continued to work for traditional Fulani rulers for compensation in room and board and generally low and unregulated wages, while their children were free to pursue schooling and work of their choosing. In a June 12 release, Human Rights Watch urged the government to publish immediately information on the revenues, disbursements, and management of its Health Solidarity Fund, adding that health-care facilities had made mandatory contributions to the emergency fund for more than 25 years. A United States Congressional delegation visiting Cameroon has called for unconditional talks between the government and rebels on the country's separatist conflict. Anecdotal reports suggested the ongoing crisis in the two Anglophone regions had contributed to a dramatic increase in the prostitution of underage girls and number of early pregnancies, especially in areas with IDPs. Journalists reported practicing self-censorship to avoid repercussions, including financial repercussions, for criticizing or contradicting the government. Several strikes were announced. In agriculture, children were exposed to hazardous conditions, including climbing trees, handling heavy loads, using machetes, and handling agricultural chemicals. Found insideUnited States. Central Intelligence Agency. Cameroon refugees (country of origin): 39,261 (Chad), 16,983 (Nigeria), 9,634 (Cote d'Ivoire) (2004) Central ... The Justice Department is impacting appealing.The Rulingà ¢ s has been decreased by a mission of related pandemic introduced in March one also challenged in a court of rapidly expel the people . Djilieu Pommier alleged that after being arrested during MRC demonstrations on September 22 in Bafang (West Region), army Lieutenant Mvoundi Evina on September 22 injected him with an unknown substance. As of July, the total number of inmates who benefitted from the decree was estimated at close to 3,000. 202-265-8790). Trump has made slashing refugee resettlement a hallmark of his administration. The animosity started when Maurice Kamto, a Bamileke, challenged the results of the 2018 presidential election and gained momentum when Kamto boycotted the municipal and legislative elections in February. According to the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, approximately 1,800 inmates were freed by May 8. Managers of state-owned companies and other high-level government officials used corporate resources to campaign for candidates sponsored by the ruling party. They stated that the Fulani-Mbororo are not indigenous in the same way as the Baka and are not a minority. A senior prison official reportedly told Reuters that no inmates were tested for COVID-19. Government failure to investigate or prosecute attacks on human rights defenders and peaceful protesters led to de facto restrictions on the freedom of speech, assembly, and association. Various government and political figures issued messages via social and traditional media that inflamed intergroup tensions, despite legal provisions against hate speech. This stipulation was not enforced. (Dakar) - Cameroon's authorities should ensure accountability for their security forces' crackdown on opposition leaders, supporters, and peaceful protesters in September 2020, Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch said today. Authorities typically cited security concerns as the basis for deciding to block assemblies. The government did not always respect these provisions. The courts annulled the legislative elections in 11 constituencies of the Anglophone Northwest and Southwest Regions because voter turnout was below 10 percent; elections were rerun in 11 constituencies of the two Anglophone regions on March 22. c. Freedom of Religion. In a January article available online, journalist Moki Edwin Kindzeka reported that journalists in Cameroon’s English-speaking regions said separatists were attacking them because of critical reporting and their refusal to broadcast rebel propaganda. An administrative authority, including a governor or senior divisional officer, may authorize police to conduct neighborhood sweeps without warrants, and this practice occurred. Amadou Vamoulke, a former general manager of state-owned Cameroon Radio Television, who was arrested and detained in 2016 on embezzlement charges, continued to await trial at the Kondengui Central Prison. Under United States law, a refugee is someone who: Is located outside of the United States. Criminal defendants have the right to be informed promptly and in detail of the charges, with free assistance of an interpreter. More than 31 inmates died there in April, compared with a prepandemic average of one or two a month. In 2017, the United States accepted 29,022 refugees and recently decided to set an upper limit of 45,000 refugees in fiscal year 2018, 5,000 of whom arrived in the United States between October 1 and December 31, 2017. Defendants have the right to be present and to consult with an attorney of their choice, but in many cases the government did not respect this right, restricting access to lawyers, particularly in cases of individuals suspected of complicity with Boko Haram, Anglophone separatists, or political opponents. Research Paper (postgraduate) from the year 2017 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Topic: Public International Law and Human Rights, grade: Principle of non-refoulement, University of Yaound I (Catholic Institut of Yaound ... /SA true The June 16 Administrative Court decision nullified Atanga Nji’s decision. The law permits bail, allows citizens the right to appeal, and provides the right to sue for unlawful arrest, but these rights were seldom respected. Other children with disabilities continued to attend separate schools, such as the Bulu Blind Center in Buea and the Yaounde Special School for Hearing-impaired Children. Access to food, water, sanitation, heating and ventilation, lighting, and medical care was inadequate. The law prohibits children from working at night or longer than eight hours per day. Found inside â Page 449The United States contributed $ 1.5 million in 1978 to that program . ... culture with the Fang of neighboring Gabon and Cameroon , these refugees have been ... Medical staff told Human Rights Watch that they believed the government had never disbursed any money from the fund, including in response to COVID-19, even though health-care facilities continued to contribute 10 percent of their revenues. One of those case allegedly involved four instances of rape of a child and two instances of exploitative relationships with an adult. /Filter /DCTDecode Visitors needed formal authorization from the state counsel; without authorization, they had to bribe prison staff to communicate with inmates. There are 40,000 Cameroonians currently living in fear of being deported back to the United States. The government did not readily permit access to such individuals. The country operated an open door policy. Trade unions or associations of public servants may not join a foreign occupational or labor organization without prior authorization from the minister of territorial administration, who is responsible for “supervising public freedoms.”. He reported that five girls and one boy died during the attack and described the conditions of several of the wounded as critical, noting that they were taken to hospitals in Kumba and in other nearby towns. 2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Cameroon, An official website of the United States Government, https://www.state.gov/religiousfreedomreport/, https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/International-Parental-Child-Abduction/for-providers/legal-reports-and-data/reported-cases.html, https://www.state.gov/trafficking-in-persons-report/, https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/findings. A week later, the victims were still missing. In 2016 the UN Working Group on Arbitrary Detention described Marafa’s detention as “a violation of international laws.” The government did not respond to repeated requests for members of the diplomatic community to meet with Marafa. Found inside â Page 438Numerous Cameroon refugees live in the United States, Germany, and elsewhere. Most of these are fleeing political persecution and are quite legitimately ... There were cases where the courts demonstrated some neutrality. /CreationDate (D:20210827233725+03'00') Cameroon plays a key role in regional stability and remains a regional partner in countering terrorism in the Lake Chad Region. Children worked as street vendors; in fishing, where they were exposed to hazardous conditions; and largely alongside families and rather than for formal employers. Employers are required to provide skills training to children between the ages of 14 and 18. Military courts may exercise jurisdiction over civilians in a broad number of offenses including civil unrest. Ministry of Defense conducts Bilateral and multilateral security cooperation activities in coordination with Cameroonian. 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